CCQ

** __ Cuban Government __ ** __ [] __ [] [] *Type: Totalitarian communist state; current government assumed power by force on January 1, 1959. Independence: May 20, 1902. Political party: Cuban Communist Party (PCC); only one party allowed. Administrative subdivisions: 14 provinces, including the city of Havana, and one special municipality (Isle of Youth). * Cuba is a totalitarian state controlled by President Fidel Castro, who is Chief of State, Head of Government, First Secretary of the Communist Party, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. President Castro exercises control over all aspects of life through the Communist Party and its affiliated mass organizations, the government bureaucracy headed by the Council of State, and the state security apparatus. The Communist Party is the only legal political entity, and President Castro personally chooses the membership of the Politburo, the select group that heads the party. There are no contested elections for the 601-member National Assembly of People's Power (ANPP), which meets twice a year for a few days to rubber stamp decisions and policies previously decided by the governing Council of State. The Communist Party controls all government positions, including judicial offices. The judiciary is completely subordinate to the Government and to the Communist Party. *Cuba had a number of communist and anarchist organizations since the early period of the Republic. The original "industrialized" Communist Party of Cuba was formed in the 1920s, which was later renamed the Popular Socialist Party for electoral reasons. In July 1961, two years after the 1959 Revolution, the Integrated Revolutionary Organizations (ORI) was formed by the merger of Fidel Castro's 26th of July Movement, the Popular Socialist Party led by Blas Roca and the Revolutionary Directory March 13 led by Faure Chomon. **  2) Socialist Government   **    ** __ Vietnam __ ****  ’s Government  **      []      []      *Vietnam officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is the easternmost country on the Indonisia Peninsula in Southeast Africa It is bordered by People’s Republic of China (PRC) to the north, Laos to the northwest,Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea referred to as East to the east. With a population of over 86 million, Vietnam is the 13th most populous country in the world.      * This paper will explore the reintegration of Vietnam into the world-economy in the past decade. For many years after its devastating war with the United States, the communist government of Vietnam followed an economic policy combining the principles of a state-socialism and relative isolation from the international economy. This was reinforced by a virtual US embargo. However, in the past decade or so a gradual "opening" (doi moi in Vietnamese) has occurred. During the 1990s "market reforms" gathered momentum, with dramatic rises in both foreign investment and private local capitalist enterprises. Indeed, there seems to be an effort to follow the state-led export-oriented development model championed at an earlier period by countries like Taiwan and South Korea. At the same time the United States government gradually normalized trade relationships with Vietnam, culminating in the granting of "most favored nation" status. And foreign corporations and businesspeople are interested in investing in the country – a move which the government would like to encourage (but also regulate). So now we have the interesting paradox of a formally "socialist" government led by a Communist Party reintegrating its economy into global capitalism. Of course, the People's Republic of China would seem to be a parallel case – but there seem to be significant differences between these two cases. In the paper, I will draw on my research on the garment industry, and discussions with Vietnamese businesspeople and government officials, to describe some of the economic challenges and opportunities that this nation faces.
 * 1)Communist Government  **